Data Center Solutions

Data center cooling is generally divided into air-side cooling and liquid cooling. The appropriate approach depends on heat load, rack density, and facility requirements.

• Air-side cooling – Conditioned air is circulated to remove heat from IT equipment. CRAH(C)s and FWUs manage heat and airflow within the data center, while chillers can supply chilled water to the air-side cooling system.

• Liquid cooling – Liquid is used closer to heat-generating IT components. Key approaches include

-Direct-to-Chip cooling – Coolant circulates through cold plates attached to components such as CPUs and GPUs, with a CDU managing coolant flow, temperature, and heat transfer.

-Immersion cooling – IT equipment is submerged in a dielectric fluid that absorbs heat directly from the components.

As chip heat loads increase, data centers are adopting greater use of liquid cooling, often alongside air-side systems. LG provides air-side and Direct-to-Chip liquid cooling solutions, supported by FWUs, CRAH(C), CDUs, and chillers.

Conventional data center HVAC systems are designed to remove heat from IT equipment and maintain appropriate operating conditions around critical loads. An integrated cooling solution extends this approach by bringing together cooling equipment, thermal controls, monitoring, analytics, and lifecycle service capabilities across the data center cooling infrastructure.

Key differences include:

• Evolving cooling architecture –As chip heat loads increase, data centers are adopting greater use of liquid cooling alongside air-side systems to address different heat loads, rack densities, and facility requirements.

• Centralized monitoring and analytics – Connected equipment data provides greater visibility into cooling conditions and overall system performance.

• Operational and maintenance support – Diagnostics, predictive capabilities, and lifecycle services help support timely response and stable operation.

• Scalable deployment – Cooling capacity and system configurations can adapt to changing IT loads, facility expansion, and large-scale deployment requirements.

Yes. Data center cooling architectures can be configured based on the operating and deployment requirements of each facility. LG provides modular and flexible cooling solutions designed around factors such as:

• Facility scale and layout

• Server and rack density

• Cooling load

• Operating conditions

• Deployment and installation requirements

• Changes in AI workloads and capacity needs

Water and energy use vary depending on facility size, cooling load, climate, and system design. As demand for both resources increases, selecting the right cooling system requires balancing water availability, energy efficiency, deployment speed, and operating priorities.

• Air-cooled chillers – Use outdoor air to reject heat, helping reduce water consumption and support simpler, faster capacity expansion. LG offers screw, scroll, and centrifugal air-cooled chillers to address different facility requirements. Selected models also use free cooling to help reduce compressor operation and energy use when outdoor conditions allow.

• Water-cooled chillers – Require cooling towers and water infrastructure but can deliver higher operating efficiency for large and continuous cooling loads. LG offers a broad water-cooled lineup that can be configured according to site conditions and long-term operational efficiency targets.

LG’s air-cooled and water-cooled chiller portfolios allow data centers to select a cooling approach based on local resource constraints, deployment requirements, and operating priorities.

Chillers provide consistent, energy-efficient cooling across a wide capacity range to support the large and continuous cooling loads of high-density AI data centers.

Key features of LG chillers include:

• Cooling capacities ranging from 200 to 5,000 tons

• Oil-free inverter models using R-1233zd refrigerant

• Support for heat collected by both liquid- and air-side cooling systems

• Chiller technologies developed through LG’s expertise in compressors, heat exchangers, and fan motors

• Cooling performance designed to support demanding and continuous data center operation

FWUs and CRAH(C)s manage air-side heat, circulate conditioned air, and help maintain appropriate temperature conditions within the data hall.

Key features of LG FWUs and CRAH(C)s include:

• Precise, energy-efficient control – IE5-grade inverter motors support precise control with total harmonic distortion below 5%

• Enhanced airflow and lower noise – Shark-skin fan blades help reduce noise and enhance airflow

• Streamlined installation – Factory pre-assembled modular FWUs help simplify on-site work and shorten installation time

Data Center Cooling Manager supports centralized monitoring and operational management across connected data center cooling equipment.

Key capabilities include:

• Collection and analysis of equipment operating data

• Centralized monitoring of system conditions

• Identification of potential operational issues

• Faster and more efficient response by operators

• Data-driven diagnostics

• Predictive maintenance capabilities

• Support for stable operation, long-term system reliability, and lifecycle maintenance